Key Insights• The Australian radiotherapy market operates within a mixed public-private healthcare system, with the Medicare Benefits Schedule providing universal coverage for radiation therapy services. Cancer incidence in Australia has nearly doubled from approximately 88,000 cases in 2000 to an estimated 169,000 cases in 2024, driven by population growth and an aging demographic .• External Beam Radiotherapy (EBRT) constitutes the largest therapy segment, supported by an installed base of linear accelerators. The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists reports there are at least 7 LINACs per million population, exceeding the WHO benchmark of 2–4 units per million .• Radiotherapy systems and equipment represent the largest offering segment, with the market characterised by significant private sector ownership. In 2020, 60% of radiation treatment facilities were privately owned, compared to 40% in 2010. The installed base is projected to increase from 300–400 units to 400–500 units by 2035 .• Hospitals and integrated cancer centres are the largest end-user segment, though treatment is increasingly delivered in community settings 21% of patients were treated outside major cities in 2020, up from 16% in 2010. Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Australia's largest radiotherapy provider, operates 16 LINACs across multiple campuses .• Regulatory oversight is provided by the Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency and the Department of Health and Aged Care.

The MBS Review has updated radiation therapy items effective from November 2024, with IMRT utilisation growing at 23.8% per annum since its 2015 listing .Market Outlook• According to the research report, "Australia Radiotherapy Market Overview, 2031," published by Actual Market Research, the Australia Radiotherapy market was valued at more than USD 110 Million in 2025. This valuation reflects the scale of Australia's mixed public-private radiotherapy infrastructure, with equipment procurement and maintenance funded through both government grants and private investment.• The market is expected to benefit from sustained government investment in radiotherapy infrastructure. The Radiation Oncology Health Program Grants Scheme supports the establishment and maintenance of radiation oncology services across Australia. HealthShare Victoria coordinated $46 million in equipment sourcing activities in FY25, a 64% increase since 2021 .• Technology adoption is accelerating, with complex treatments such as IMRT and stereotactic radiotherapy becoming 30% more common annually. In 2010, 30% of cancer patients received these treatments; by 2020, this increased to 72% . MR-guided and adaptive radiotherapy systems could comprise 35–50% of new sales by 2035 .• The market is also characterised by a shift toward private service delivery and community-based care. The number of radiation therapy centres grew from 73 in 2013-14 to 93 in 2018-19, an annualised growth rate of 5.0% .

Icon Cancer Centre's joint venture with 5D Clinics aims to expand access to advanced radiotherapy in Australia .• Long-term growth is supported by demographic trends and sustained policy commitment. Cancer diagnoses are projected to reach approximately 209,000 cases by 2034, a further 24% increase from 2024 levels . EBRT treatment courses are estimated to reach 112,000 by 2025-26, reflecting a 6% annual growth rate .Market DynamicsDriver: Rising Cancer Incidence and Evidence-Based Treatment ExpansionThe primary driver of the Australian radiotherapy market is the substantial and growing cancer burden. Cancer diagnoses have increased by 93% from 2000 to 2024, rising from 88,000 to approximately 169,000 cases annually . By 2034, diagnoses are projected to reach 209,000, reflecting continued population growth and aging . The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare reports that 58% to 60% of radiation therapy is curative in intent, and approximately 50% of cancer patients would benefit from radiotherapy .

The evidence base for radiotherapy continues to expand, with the Lancet Oncology Commission recommending hypofractionation for prostate and breast cancer as a resource-sparing approach that could provide treatment for an additional 2.2 million patients globally with significant cost savings . This sustained clinical demand ensures consistent requirements for equipment, software, and comprehensive maintenance services.Challenge: High Capital Costs and Workforce ShortagesA significant challenge facing the Australian radiotherapy market is the substantial capital investment required for advanced equipment and the shortage of skilled personnel. Linear accelerators have a lifespan of approximately 10 years, after which they break down more regularly and incur higher maintenance costs . The initial investment for equipment like linear accelerators is substantial, and maintenance costs can be prohibitive for smaller healthcare providers . Additionally, there is a shortage of skilled radiation oncologists and medical physicists in the country, which can impact the quality and accessibility of care . Between 2019 and 2021, for the first time, there was a drop in the radiation oncology workforce, despite a 55% increase in treatment courses over the preceding decade .

Regulatory hurdles also exist, as new treatment methods must undergo rigorous evaluation before they are widely adopted .Trend: Private Sector Expansion and Community-Based CareA major trend shaping the Australian radiotherapy market is the expansion of private sector service delivery and the shift toward community-based care. In 2020, 60% of radiation treatment facilities were privately owned, compared to only 40% in 2010 . The average facility size has decreased from 2.8 machines in 2010 to 2.3 machines in 2020, indicating a trend toward smaller, more distributed facilities . More patients are being treated outside major cities 21% in 2020 compared to 16% in 2010 improving access to high-quality care closer to home . Icon Cancer Centre's joint venture with 5D Clinics represents a recent example of private sector investment to expand access to advanced radiotherapy . This trend toward privatisation and decentralisation is creating new demand for distributed maintenance and flexible service arrangements across the equipment lifecycle.Policies• The Department of Health and Aged Care administers the Radiation Oncology Health Program Grants Scheme, supporting the establishment and maintenance of radiation oncology services across Australia .• The Medicare Benefits Schedule provides universal coverage for radiation therapy items.

Effective 1 November 2024, updates were made to clarify and correct issues following the radiation therapy MBS Review changes implemented on 1 July 2024 .• The Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency provides regulatory oversight for radiation safety, complementing the Department of Health and Aged Care's policy framework.• HealthShare Victoria coordinates equipment sourcing and procurement on behalf of health services. In FY25, HSV coordinated $46 million in equipment sourcing activities, a 64% increase since 2021, with a further $17 million in projects currently in progress .• The Medical Services Advisory Committee evaluates evidence for proposed new MBS items and reviews existing items, including radiation therapy services, to ensure safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness.• The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists publishes professional practice standards and quality assurance guidelines that shape technology adoption and treatment delivery patterns across Australian radiotherapy centres .• Government policies incentivise investment in radiation therapy infrastructure and equipment through tax rebates and grants for healthcare providers adopting new radiation oncology techniques, facilitating the establishment of research hubs and public-private partnerships .Segment AnalysisAustralia Radiotherapy Market By Therapy Type• External Beam Radiotherapy (EBRT): This is the largest therapy segment, supported by an installed base of at least 7 LINACs per million population . EBRT treatment courses reached 74,200 in 2018-19, with the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare estimating approximately 112,000 courses by 2025-26 . IMRT utilisation has grown at 23.8% per annum since its 2015 MBS listing, becoming the dominant technique . Complex treatments such as IMRT and stereotactic radiotherapy have become 30% more common annually, rising from 30% of patients in 2010 to 72% in 2020 . Major equipment suppliers include Elekta, Varian Medical Systems, and Accuray .• Internal / Brachytherapy: This segment remains clinically essential, particularly for gynaecological, prostate, and breast cancers.

However, the RANZCR survey reported that fewer radiation therapy facilities offer this specialised treatment, and the number of courses has dropped, raising concerns about continued patient access to this essential treatment .• Systemic Radiotherapy: This is the fastest-growing therapy segment, driven by the emergence of novel radiopharmaceuticals and targeted radionuclide therapies. The segment benefits from Australia's clinical research infrastructure and growing demand for precision cancer treatments.Australia Radiotherapy Market By Offering• Radiotherapy Systems/Equipment: This segment holds the largest market share by revenue, driven by high capital costs and sustained investment. The installed base is projected to increase from 300–400 units to 400–500 units by 2035 . Major investments include Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre's procurement of new LINACs through HealthShare Victoria . Australia does not host commercial-scale production of teletherapy machines, with imports accounting for essentially 100% of supply . The share of MR-guided and adaptive radiotherapy systems within new sales could reach 35–50% by 2035 .• Software & Services: This is the fastest-growing segment, reflecting the increasing digitalisation of radiation oncology and the need for lifecycle management.

As a significant portion of the installed base reaches 10–15 years old, many facilities choose to upgrade key subsystems rather than replace entire machines . The trend toward private sector expansion and distributed facilities is creating new demand for service contracts and technical support. HealthShare Victoria's centralised procurement model demonstrates the growing importance of strategic equipment sourcing and lifecycle management .Australia Radiotherapy Market By Application• Breast Cancer: This is a major application segment, with breast cancer ranking among the most frequent malignancies. The Lancet Oncology Commission recommends hypofractionation for breast cancer as a resource-sparing approach that can provide treatment for more patients with significant cost savings .• Prostate Cancer: A significant application area, with widespread use of EBRT and brachytherapy. Hypofractionation for prostate cancer is recommended as a cost-effective approach .• Melanoma: Australia has the world's highest melanoma incidence over 70 cases per 100,000 annually, more than triple that of North America or Europe. A population-based study in Queensland found 47% of melanoma survivors received radiotherapy, with a median age of 65 years .• Lung Cancer: This segment is growing, with increased adoption of stereotactic radiotherapy for early-stage and oligometastatic disease.• Head & Neck Cancer: This is a critical application due to anatomical complexity, requiring highly conformal radiation delivery and driving adoption of IMRT.• Central Nervous System / Brain: This is a significant application, with stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases and primary CNS tumours.• Other Applications: Includes gynaecological cancers where brachytherapy remains essential, though access is declining as well as haematological, paediatric, and palliative care indications.Australia Radiotherapy Market By End User• Hospitals & Integrated Cancer Centres: This is the largest end-user segment.

Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Australia's largest radiotherapy provider, operates 16 LINACs across multiple campuses and is the largest provider of radiotherapy treatment in metropolitan Melbourne . Major public hospitals listed in the Radiation Oncology Health Program Grants Scheme provide comprehensive cancer services across all states and territories .• Standalone Radiotherapy Centres: This segment is growing rapidly, with private operators including GenesisCare and Icon Cancer Centre expanding their networks. In 2020, 60% of facilities were privately owned, up from 40% in 2010 . Icon Cancer Centre's joint venture with 5D Clinics aims to expand access to advanced radiotherapy .• Academic/Research Institutions: This is the fastest-growing segment, reflecting their central role in clinical research and technology validation. The RANZCR survey provides critical data for evidence-based infrastructure planning . Research hubs are being established through public-private partnerships, supported by government policies .• Other Healthcare Facilities: Includes community-based centres, with 21% of patients treated outside major cities in 2020, up from 16% in 2010, reflecting improved regional access .Australia Radiotherapy Market Economics• Equipment procurement in Australia is conducted through both government and private channels.

HealthShare Victoria coordinated $46 million in equipment sourcing activities in FY25, a 64% increase since 2021, with a further $17 million in projects in progress .• Linear accelerator costs are substantial, with systems requiring replacement approximately every 10 years. Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre's partnership with HSV streamlined procurement, reducing process time from three to four months to approximately two weeks .• Service contract pricing reflects the critical clinical role of equipment uptime. As a significant portion of the installed base reaches 10–15 years old, facilities choose to upgrade subsystems rather than replace entire machines .• The economic value of radiotherapy is well-recognised. Hypofractionation for prostate and breast cancer has the potential to provide treatment for additional patients with significant cost savings . Stereotactic body radiation therapy is also cost-effective .• Workforce economics present a challenge. The number of radiation oncologists has not increased proportionately to the 55% increase in treatment courses.

Between 2019 and 2021, for the first time, there was a drop in the radiation oncology workforce .• The cost of cybersecurity and software modernisation is an emerging economic factor, with connected radiotherapy devices requiring ongoing patch management and vulnerability remediation.Market Outlook by Infrastructure, Investment and Industry Development• The Radiation Oncology Health Program Grants Scheme continues to support the establishment and maintenance of radiation oncology services, ensuring equitable access across Australia . The number of radiation therapy centres grew from 73 in 2013-14 to 93 in 2018-19 .• HealthShare Victoria's equipment sourcing activities demonstrate sustained public investment. In FY25, HSV coordinated $46 million in sourcing activities, with a further $17 million in projects in progress for FY26 . Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre has secured future LINAC purchases through 2028 .• Private sector expansion continues, with Icon Cancer Centre and other operators investing in new facilities. In 2020, 60% of radiation treatment facilities were privately owned . Icon's joint venture with 5D Clinics aims to expand access to advanced radiotherapy .• Technology modernisation is accelerating.

The RANZCR survey reported that complex treatments such as IMRT and stereotactic radiotherapy have become 30% more common annually, rising from 30% of patients in 2010 to 72% in 2020 . MR-guided and adaptive radiotherapy systems could comprise 35–50% of new sales by 2035 .• Workforce development is a critical priority. Between 2019 and 2021, for the first time, there was a drop in the radiation oncology workforce . The Lancet Oncology Commission recommends optimising workflows, using resource-sparing approaches, and adopting advanced techniques to address workforce constraints .• The MBS Review has updated radiation therapy items, with IMRT utilisation growing at 23.8% per annum since its 2015 listing . The Department of Health and Aged Care continues to refine MBS items to reflect contemporary clinical practice .• The long-term outlook remains positive as cancer incidence continues to rise projected to reach 209,000 cases by 2034 and sustained public and private investment drives equipment modernisation and infrastructure expansion across Australia's healthcare system . EBRT treatment courses are estimated to reach 112,000 by 2025-26 Considered in this report• Historic Year: 2020• Base year: 2025• Estimated year: 2026• Forecast year: 2031Aspects covered in this report• Radiotherapy Market with its value and forecast along with its segments• Various drivers and challenges• On-going trends and developments• Top profiled companies• Strategic recommendationBy Therapy Type• External Beam Radiotherapy (EBRT)• Internal / Brachytherapy• Systemic RadiotherapyBy Offering• Radiotherapy Systems/Equipment• Software & ServicesBy Application• Breast Cancer• Prostate Cancer• Lung Cancer• Head & Neck Cancer• Central Nervous System / Brain• Gastro-intestinal• Other ApplicationsBy End User• Hospitals & Integrated Cancer Centers• Standalone Radiotherapy Centers• Academic/Research Institutions• Other Healthcare Facilities.